Hydatina physis from Japan
						December 20, 2003
						From: Yukari Sato
					
					
					
						 
					Hello Dr. Rudman,
Here are images of an egg-laying and mating in Hydatina physis.
Date: 11 Nov 2003
Depth: 14m
Length: approx.40mm
Location: Zushi (near Hayama), Sagami Bay, Japan
Best regards,
Yukari Sato
yukarisss@hotmail.com
							 
							 
						
 
 Thanks Yukari,
Hydatina and the related animals in the superfamily Acteonoidea are considered very primitive opisthobranchs. Apart from obvious primitive signs such as having an external shell, these animals all have a large external penis. In all other opisthobranchs the penis is internal and only everts during mating.
From your photos, and others I have seen, the egg ribbon of Hydatina also interesting in the way it is formed. It seems as though the whole ribbon is completely produced before it is attached to the substrate. The egg ribbon of Hydatina is attached by a mucus thread or string which is anchored in the sediment. It seems that anchoring the ribbon is the last stage in the process and only occurs after all the ribbon is exuded from the genital opening. A quite different process than that of nudibranchs and other opisthobranchs which gradually attach the ribbon as it is being exuded from the genital pore.
Best wishges
Bill Rudman
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