Umbraculum umbraculum
(Lightfoot, 1786)

Order: NOTASPIDEA
Superfamily: TYLODINOIDEA
Family: Umbraculidae

DISTRIBUTION

Widespread in tropical to warm temperate Indo-West Pacific.

PHOTO

UPPER: Shelly Beach, Manly, Sydney, NSW, Australia, 3 metres, September 1986. 14cm long.
LOWER: Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, July 1974. 12cm long.
PHOTOS: Bill Rudman.

A primitive notaspid, with a large external shell covering the dorsum. The shell, as in both these photos, is usually covered with encrusting plant and animal growths. The body is circular, with large pustules. Even when crawling the animal does not elongate and the position of the head can only be determined by the tubular rhinophoral tentacles which extend out from beneath the shell. Below these tentacles the body is split by a "mid-anterior cleft" in which the permanently protruded penis sits and the mouth opens. The radula is very broad with many small rasping teeth. Umbraculum umbraculum is a sponge feeder, and has been recorded on a number of different species of the Demospongia, including Tethya spp., Aaptos aaptos, Ancorina alata, and Plakina trilopha. The proboscis does not evert, so in feeding, the anterior cleft must be spread open so that the mouth can be pressed against the sponge colony. Compare with Tylodina corticalis.

Reference:
• Willan, R.C. (1984). A review of diets in the Notaspidea (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia). Journal of the malacological Society of Australia, 6: 125-142.

Authorship details
Rudman, W.B., 1999 (March 7) Umbraculum umbraculum (Lightfoot, 1786). [In] Sea Slug Forum. Australian Museum, Sydney. Available from http://www.seaslugforum.net/factsheet/umbrumbr

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